Bladder Stone Surgery (Cystotomy) for Dogs & Cats in Chantilly, VA

Bladder stones (urinary stones) can cause significant discomfort and urinary problems in both dogs and cats. In some cases, stones can irritate the bladder lining, leading to blood in the urine or recurrent infections. In more serious situations, stones can contribute to partial or complete urinary obstruction, which becomes an urgent medical concern.

At Nova Pets Surgical Center, bladder stone cases are evaluated individually to determine whether surgery is the most appropriate treatment option. When indicated, bladder stone removal surgery (cystotomy) is performed to remove stones and restore normal urinary function

Surgical Experience You Can Trust

Dr. Masood has devoted more than 25 years to performing advanced surgical procedures in dogs and cats. Over the course of his career, he has completed hundreds of surgeries, approaching each case with disciplined technique, careful clinical judgment, and a consistent focus on patient safety and thoughtful outcomes.

What Are Bladder Stones?

Bladder stones are mineral formations that develop within the urinary bladder. They vary in size, shape, and composition. Some are small and cause intermittent irritation, while others can accumulate and create ongoing discomfort or urinary difficulty.

Bladder stones may:

  • Irritate the bladder wall and cause inflammation

  • Contribute to recurrent urinary tract infections

  • Lead to blood in the urine

  • Move toward the urethra and increase the risk of obstruction

Because stone type matters, treatment is based on clinical findings and diagnostic results rather than assumptions.

Symptoms of Bladder Stones in Dogs & Cats

Signs of bladder stones can overlap with urinary tract infection, which is why evaluation is important. Common symptoms include:

  • Straining to urinate

  • Frequent small urinations

  • Blood in the urine

  • Accidents in the house or changes in litter box behavior

  • Discomfort during urination

  • Increased licking of the genital area

  • Restlessness or signs of abdominal discomfort

If your pet is unable to pass urine at all, this can become urgent and should be treated as an emergency.

WWhen Is Bladder Stone Surgery Necessary?

Some stones may be managed medically depending on the stone type and individual case factors. However, surgery is commonly recommended when stones are unlikely to dissolve, when the stone burden is significant, or when symptoms persist despite medical management.

Bladder stone surgery may be recommended when:

  • Imaging confirms stones that are not expected to dissolve safely

  • Your pet has recurrent urinary issues or persistent blood in the urine

  • Discomfort is ongoing or progressive

  • Stones are contributing to obstruction risk

  • Medical management has not resolved the condition

The purpose of surgery is straightforward: remove the stones and allow the urinary tract to function normally again, while also setting a plan to reduce recurrence when possible.

How Bladder Stone Surgery (Cystotomy) Works

Bladder stone removal (cystotomy) is performed under general anesthesia. Before surgery, diagnostic imaging—most commonly x-rays and/or ultrasound—is used to confirm the presence of stones and help estimate size and number. This also helps guide surgical planning and determine whether there is concern for obstruction.

During the procedure, the bladder is accessed surgically and opened in a controlled manner so stones can be removed directly. The bladder is then carefully flushed to help clear smaller fragments, and the urinary tract is assessed to reduce the chance that stones remain behind. The bladder is closed using secure, layered closure techniques to support healing and minimize the risk of leakage.

When appropriate, stones may be submitted for analysis to help guide prevention strategies. After surgery, recovery planning focuses on comfort, safe urination, incision care, and follow-up as needed.

Recovery After Cystotomy

Recovery after bladder stone surgery typically involves:

  • Activity restriction during healing

  • Incision monitoring and at-home care instructions

  • Pain management and medications as prescribed

  • A gradual return to normal activity

  • Follow-up as needed to assess healing and urinary comfort

It is common for urinary patterns to improve as inflammation settles and healing progresses. Owners receive clear discharge instructions, and our team remains available to answer questions that arise during recovery.

Reducing the Risk of Recurrence

Bladder stones can recur, and prevention depends on the stone type and underlying contributing factors. When possible, a prevention plan may include:

  • Dietary recommendations based on stone type

  • Encouraging hydration

  • Follow-up urine testing when indicated

  • Imaging rechecks in patients with recurrent stone history

The goal is to reduce the likelihood of future stones while supporting long-term urinary health.

Surgical Evaluation

If your pet has been diagnosed with bladder stones—or is showing signs of urinary discomfort—a surgical evaluation can determine the most appropriate treatment plan.

If your pet requires bladder stone removal surgery (cystotomy), contact Nova Pets to schedule a consultation and discuss treatment options.

📞 703-378-9791
or schedule a consultation online

Frequently Asked Questions

  • Yes. “Cystotomy” is the medical term for surgically opening the bladder to remove stones.

  • It can be. Some pets can pass small amounts of urine even when there is significant irritation or partial obstruction. Persistent straining, discomfort, or worsening symptoms should be evaluated promptly.

  • Recurrence risk depends on stone type and contributing factors. When possible, a prevention plan is tailored using clinical history and stone analysis to reduce recurrence.

  • This depends on patient stability and the specifics of the case. Some patients may go home the same day, while others benefit from additional monitoring.

  • When appropriate, stone analysis can provide useful information for prevention planning. Whether it is recommended depends on the individual case.

  • If your pet is unable to urinate or appears severely painful outside business hours, immediate evaluation at a 24-hour emergency facility is recommended.