BONE DISEASE IN GROWING DOGS

According to Pet MD, “panosteitis, osteochondrosis, and hypertrophic osteodystrophy are the three most common metabolic bone disorders seen in dogs.” Large breeds are disproportionately affected by these conditions and others having to do with bones and their development, which is something to be aware of when you’re considering breeds such as the German Shepherd or Great Dane.

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However, bone health isn’t limited to the presence or absence of a disorder. Other ailments, such as a bone infection, referred to in medical settings as osteomyelitis, and even bone cancer can occasionally afflict man’s best friend. So, when it comes to bone or skeletal disease in dogs, what are some of the symptoms you’ll want to look out for, and when should you bring your furry family member in for an exam? Let NOVA Pets Health Center be your guide!

Signs of Bone Disease in Dogs

Always be on the lookout for the signs and symptoms of bone disease, especially as your puppy grows. Early life is the most vulnerable period for bone disease emergence in dogs. Often, large breed dogs will develop a bone condition before they turn two years old. Here are some of the signs to watch for that might indicate a bone disease:

  • Limping: Limping is always a sign something is wrong. A dog might limp after a minor or major injury. In some cases, limping indicates a bone disease, especially if it's persistent.
  • Whimpering: No one likes to hear their beloved dog whimpering! Whimpering can be a sign that your dog is in pain. If your dog tends to whimper or express pain during certain movements or activities, a bone disease could be the culprit.
  • Mouth discomfort: Some bone disorders affect the jaw, which leads to mouth discomfort. A dog with this type of bone disease might be reluctant to eat, causing weight loss or fever.
  • Bone Inflammation: Many different bone conditions result in inflammation of the affected area. If you notice inflammation somewhere on your dog's body, you might want to schedule a veterinary appointment.
  • Lack of coordination: A dog with a bone disorder might be off-balance or otherwise uncoordinated.
  • Inability or reluctance to walk: Lameness is a common symptom in dogs with bone diseases. If your dog seems unable or unwilling to walk, it might have a bone disease.

If you notice any of these symptoms, bring your dog in to see our team. These signs could indicate a bone disease — however, even if a bone disease is not present, these symptoms require medical attention.

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Common Bone Diseases in Dogs

Let’s cover some common canine skeletal conditions mentioned above and some additional ones as well.

  • Panosteitis is inflammation on the surface of the long bones. This is also called "long bone pain" or "growing pains." This may occur in more than one bone at a time and may cause a “shifting” lameness that goes from one bone or leg to another. It is self-limiting but may recur until rapid growth is over. Luckily, the pain associated with it may be relieved with several types of medication.
  • Osteochondrosis is characterized by cartilage separation from a joint bone. The separation may vary greatly and, in extreme cases, involves complete detachment of the cartilage. Luckily, an appropriate diet without too much calcium helps prevent the condition. Make sure you consult your vet about the best food for your dog!
  • Hypertrophic osteodystrophy is inflammation in the growth plates of the long bones. It usually causes swelling and pain in the joints, which may lead to fever and loss of appetite. It is self-limiting in most dogs with no permanent damage. However, some dogs may suffer permanent damage to the growth plates resulting in deformed legs. Treatment with medication can relieve associated pain and suppress bone inflammation.
German Shepherd bone disease.
  • Hip dysplasia, an improper formation of the hip joint(s). The hip joint is a “ball and socket” joint. During dog bone growth, both the “ball” (head of the femur) and the “socket” (acetabulum) must grow at equal rates. If they don’t, however, and laxity or looseness results, your dog will likely receive a hip dysplasia diagnosis. Its symptoms include lameness and difficulty shifting from a lying to standing position. There are several choices of treatment depending on the severity. Some dogs can be treated with medication while others will require surgery.
  • Osteochondrosis dissecans (OD or OCD), which is a defect in the smooth cartilage surface within one or more joints. It most commonly affects the shoulder joint, but the elbow, hip, or knee may also be involved. Some of these defects may heal with strict rest and restriction of activity for several weeks. Most cases of OCD result in a piece of cartilage breaking off and floating in the joint. This causes pain, which varies from mild and intermittent to intense and constant pain. Surgery to remove the defective piece of cartilage is the recommended treatment in the latter case.

How to Prevent Bone Infection & Disease in Dogs

You can take steps to reduce the risk factors of bone disease in dogs and keep your furry family members healthy. Here are a few things you can do to protect your dog from a bone disease:

  • Maintain a proper diet: A proper, nutritious diet can help a puppy grow into a healthy dog. While genetics play a role, proper nutrition is also essential for a puppy's development. Make sure you choose pet food designed to meet all of your dog's nutritional needs.
  • Provide supplements: Nutritional supplements can help encourage healthy growth. Be sure to speak with a veterinarian before putting your dog on a vitamin supplement plan.
  • Treat injuries right away: If your dog sustains an injury, prompt treatment is crucial. Poorly healed injuries can become bone disorders down the line.
  • Provide exercise: Adequate exercise also encourages growth and helps your dog maintain a healthy weight. Excess weight can strain your dog's bones and joints. Exercise also increases blood flow, which can help an animal recover from injury.

Contact NOVA Pets To Schedule a Vet Exam

Actions you can take to decrease bone disease risks include feeding your large breed a diet formulated for larger breeds specifically, keeping your canine companion at a healthy weight, only supporting responsible breeders if you choose to buy your dog, and of course regular examinations! You can call NOVA Pets at (703) 577-2141 to arrange an examination, which is just one service covered by our wellness plans. We look forward to meeting your furry family members and teaching you more about keeping their bones healthy and strong.